Reference : All About Agile : Writing Good User Stories
by Kelly Waters, 10 April 2008 | Agile User Stories
User Stories are a simple way of capturing user requirements throughout a project – an alternative to writing lengthy requirements specifications all up-front.
As a guide for people writing User Stories, they can follow this basic construct:
As a [user role], I want to [goal], so I can [reason].
This helps to ensure that the requirement is captured at a high level, is feature oriented and covers who, what and why.
As well as capturing User Stories in the above format on the Product Backlog, User Stories should be written on a card.
The card comprises 3 parts:
- Card (i.e. the bit above, “as a user, I want…”)
- Conversation (notes and/or small wireframe to remind people about the feature)
- Confirmation (the tests that will show the feature is complete)
Here’s an example User Story for you to take a look at.
Ultimately, User Stories should be small. But when they’re first entered on the Product Backlog, when they’re quite a way from being developed, they can start out large and fuzzy. While they are in this state, they are known as Epics.
Software requirements are a communication problem. There is no perfect solution. User Stories seek to find a balance between written and verbal requirements, relying on collaboration between team members to clarify details near the time of development.
The INVEST acronym can help you to remember and assess what makes a good User Story. User Stories should be:
* Independent. Okay, for some systems, it’s near impossible to make each feature completely independent. In other solutions, e.g. web sites, it’s easier. But it’s an important aspiration. User Stories should be as independent as possible.
* Negotiable. User Stories are not a contract. They are not detailed specifications. They are reminders of features for the team to discuss and collaborate to clarify the details near the time of development.
* Valuable. User Stories should be valuable to the user (or owner) of the solution. They should be written in user language. They should be features, not tasks.
* Estimable. User Stories need to be possible to estimate. They need to provide enough information to estimate, without being too detailed.
* Small. User Stories should be small. Not too small. But not too big!
* Testable. User Stories need to be worded in a way that is testable, i.e. not too subjective and to provide clear details of how the User Story will be tested.
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